COLLECTION NAME:
David Rumsey Historical Map Collection
Record
Author:
Kilchenmann, André
Author:
Steiner, Dieter
Author:
Matt, Otto F.
Author:
Gächter, Ernst
Author:
Universität Zürich. Geographisches Institut
Date:
1970
Short Title:
24 Mittlere Zahl der Einwohner pro Haushaltung = Mean number of inhabitants per household. 1970.
Publisher:
Kümmerly + Frey
Publisher Location:
Bern
Type:
Atlas Map
Obj Height cm:
17
Obj Width cm:
26
Scale 1:
1,400,000
Note:
Colored map of Switzerland, featuring mean number of inhabitants per household in 1970. Shows political boundaries and lakes. Utilizes data visualization to represent geographic information. Includes a legend, scale statement and explanatory note. Map is 17 x 26 cm, on sheet 21 x 30 cm. Title and text appear in parallel, with German and English translation. Accompanying descriptive text on page 33. Map appears in section entitled "Wohnen = Housing".
Country:
Switzerland
Subject:
Data Visualization
Subject:
Population
Full Title:
24 Mittlere Zahl der Einwohner pro Haushaltung = Mean number of inhabitants per household. 1970. Kümmerly + Frey, Bern 1972. Geographisches Institut, Universität Zürich.
List No:
14349.025
Page No:
34
Series No:
25
Engraver or Printer:
Kümmerly + Frey
Publication Author:
Kilchenmann, André
Publication Author:
Steiner, Dieter
Publication Author:
Matt, Otto F.
Publication Author:
Gächter, Ernst
Publication Author:
Universität Zürich. Geographisches Institut
Pub Date:
1972
Pub Title:
Computer-Atlas der Schweiz : Bevölkerung / Wohnen / Erwerb / Landwirtschaft; eine Anwendung des GEOMAP-Systems für thematische Karten = Computer atlas of Switzerland : Population / housing / occupation / agriculture; an application of the GEOMAP-system for thematic maps. Kilchenmann / Steiner / Matt / Gächter. Kümmuerly + Frey.
Pub Note:
Computer-Atlas der Schweiz, by André Kilchenmann and published in Bern by Kümmerly + Frey, 1972. Atlas comprised of 68 numbered maps of Switzerland, showing political boundaries, population, languages, religion, commerce and land use, including agriculture. Maps utilize computer-generated data visualization to represent geographic information. In addition, an (unnumbered) index map appears last, labeled with names of all Swiss districts. Volume includes Introduction and Abstract, which features maps, diagrams and charts and charts within the text. Accompanying descriptive text precedes maps in thematic sections. Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Kartografie SGK [= Swiss Cartography Society SGK] describes the atlas as follows (see source in Pub Reference): This is the story of how four Zurich geographers produced an atlas in 1971/72. André Kilchenmann, Dieter Steiner, Otto F. Matt and Ernst Gächter noticed that statistical data was previously only available in tables. It was difficult to determine spatial aspects and tendencies from this, and the subsequent map production was laborious and correspondingly expensive. A computer was needed that could sort the data according to various criteria, divide it up into classes and fill the reference areas correctly. Two events, which at first had nothing to do with each other, led to the goal. First, the Swiss Confederation carried out a census in 1970, the results of which were available digitally on magnetic tapes for the first time. Second, the University of Zurich recently owned an IBM mainframe called System / 370-155. This machine was available in between 256 and 2048 kilobytes of memory and cost more than two million dollars. The geographers then ran the GEOMAP program, which could process statistical data and produce maps. They chose 190 units of area as a spatial reference. This included all districts and some additional areas of similar size in cantons that are not divided into districts. Six levels (so-called classes) per topic were calculated for the statistical values. There are various methods for doing this, the choice of which can have a significant impact on the meaning of a card. Finally, each of the six classes was assigned a symbol that was to serve as area filling on the map. For example, a single line resulted in a light area filling for the bottom class and the combination of the four characters K, H, @ and # printed on top of each other resulted in a dark area filling for the top class (picture). The program was now able to calculate the desired maps from the relationship between unit of area, subject, class and symbolization. In this way, 68 cards were created on the subjects of population, housing, work, elections, taxes and agriculture. The maps were printed out individually, then photographically reduced to page size at Kümmerly + Frey and labeled with the legend. Incidentally, the electronically stored cards each took up between 152 and 160 kilobytes on the hard drive. If necessary, they could easily be recalculated using different classifications, symbols or scales, which only required twelve seconds of computing time per card. A small thing for a computer, but a milestone for Swiss cartography.”
Pub List No:
14349.000
Pub Type:
Thematic Atlas
Pub Type:
National Atlas
Pub Maps:
69
Pub Height cm:
30
Pub Width cm:
21
Image No:
14349025.jp2
Authors:
Kilchenmann, André; Steiner, Dieter; Matt, Otto F.; Gächter, Ernst; Universität Zürich. Geographisches Institut
